What are the signs of FASD?
Foetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by exposure to alcohol before birth. You can learn more about what it is in our article ‘What is FASD?’
Approximately 5% of children with FASD are diagnosed at birth, but for most, the signs don’t appear until they are around 18 months to two years of age.
While some children with FASD may show behavioural problems at pre-school and early primary school years, other children may not show behavioural and cognitive problems until they are aged eight or nine – and without support, the gap between them and their peers widens.
Getting an early diagnosis of FASD changes lives, giving you and your child a starting point to get support that you both need. Many whānau say receiving the diagnosis for their child took away the confusion and frustration that weighed them down.
Click here to read our article about getting a FASD diagnosis.
If you think your child may have FASD, below are some signs to look out for at different ages.
Signs to look out for in infancy
- head banging
- issues with feeding
- rocking
- gross motor delays (such as with rolling, sitting, crawling)
- absence of babbling
- unsettled and difficult to comfort
- may dislike physical contact
- unusual eye contact
- continuation of startle reflex.
Signs to look for in early childhood
- sensory issues
- food issues
- immaturity
- tantrums and volatility
- issues with peer relationships
- sleep routines
- communication.
Signs to look for in older children
- performance at school can fluctuate daily
- no sense of danger and cannot understand consequences
- sensory issues
- poor academic performance - especially with maths and numeracy
- immaturity
- difficulty making and retaining friends.
If you would like to know more about FASD, see our other articles below or check out the list of helpful materials.
For more information and resources, don't hesitate to reach out to the IHC library on 0800 442 442 or email Librarian@ihc.org.nz - the Library is available to anyone living in New Zealand, and materials will be posted to you free of charge and includes a return courier bag.
Helpful materials
A diverse collection of resources addressing fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD), offering insights into diagnosis, parenting strategies, inclusive education, and support for families and communities.
A selection of children's books that provide relatable stories and insights into living with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), fostering understanding and empathy.
